Huntington's disease, which is often called HD, is a hereditary disorder of the central nervous system. It used to be known as Huntington's chorea or HC. Huntington's disease usually develops in adulthood and can cause a very wide range of symptoms. The disease affects both men and women.
Cause: Huntington disease is caused by genetical disorder by a faulty gene on chromosome 4. The gene produces a protein called Huntingtin was discovered in 1993. This faulty gene leads to a damage of the nerve cells in areas of the brain, including the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex. This leads to gradual physical, mental and emotional changes. Anyone who inherits the faulty gene will, at some stage, develop the disease. A genetic test is available from Regional Genetic Clinics throughout the country. This test will usually be able to show whether someone has inherited the faulty gene, but it will not indicate the age at which they will develop the disease.
Symptoms of Huntington's disease The symptoms of Huntington's disease usually develop when people are between 30-50 years old, although they can start much earlier or much later
The early symptoms include:
Later Symptoms include:
Treatment:
Currently there is no cure for the illness, but there are ways to manage symptoms effectively. Medication can be used to treat symptoms such as involuntary movements, depression and mood swings. Speech therapy can significantly improve speech and swallowing problems. A high calorie diet can prevent weight loss and improve symptoms such as involuntary movements and behavioral problems.